ONZANG (Odyendyea gabonensis)
Trade Name
Onzang
Scientific Name
Odyendyea gabonensis Pierre
Family
SIMAROUBACEAE
Common Names
Onzeng (Gabon); Onzan (Gabon); Ozek (Cameroon); Oonzan (Cameroon); Njain (Cameroon); Bwadéndu (Cameroon)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Quassia gabonensis Pierre
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The tree reaches a height of 30 m, with diameters up to 150 cm. The bole is up to 12 m in length.
Natural Habitat
Odyendyea gabonensis is mainly found in fairly dense forests, on sandy soil, never in great formations.
Natural Distribution
West Africa, especially in Gabon.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Non-vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel p Occasionally axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma in continuous tangential lines or fine bands. Occasionally axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in chambere 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Occasionally rays storied. Rays commonly 2 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood is pale yellow, it is not clearly demarcated. Occasional mottled figure present on quarter-cut face.
Grain
Straight or interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations. Interlocked grain is high but not frequent.
Texture
This species is usually reported to have a coarse texture.
Natural Durability
Not durable; important risks of decay attacks at any processing step, from logs up to final products. It must receive preservative treatment. Sensible to termites attack. The heartwood is sensible to Lyctus attacks.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Resistance To Impregnation
Moderately easy to treat with a partial penetration of the preservative products.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.36
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.38
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.5
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
3.4
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: No particular risks of drying defects, subject to normal drying conditions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
FR-9
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.6
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
398
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
71923
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
285
Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
29
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
22
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
174
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
261
Workability
Sawing
It is easy to saw.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
Not suitable for veneering.
Sliced Veneer
Not suitable for veneering.
Blunting Effect
Slight blunting effect; ordinary tools can be used for sawing and machining.
Machining
Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.
Planing
Easy; no particular problems.
Moulding
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Boring
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Mortising
Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.
Nailing
Easy to perform but low nails holding.
Gluing
Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.
Sanding
Particular care is needed to avoid woolly aspect of the surface.
Polishing
Needs pre-coating.
Response To Hand Tools
No particular problems.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, SPORTS, TOOLS, agricultural tools, PACKING, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, matches, particleboard, paper
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Matches
- 71 - Proprietes physiques et mecaniques des bois tropicaux, premier supplement
Particleboard
- 80 - Estudio Integral de la Madera para Construcción
Paper
- 82 - Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign woods (Part 2) Central and South America.
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