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OSANGA (Pteleopsis hylodendron)

Trade Name

Osanga

Scientific Name

Pteleopsis hylodendron Mildbr.

Family

COMBRETACEAE

Common Names

Koframiré (Côte d`Ivoire); Osanga (Zaire)

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

The tree reaches a height of 30 m, with trunk diameters from 130 up even to 200 cm. The bole is straight, unbuttressed, cylindrical, up to 16 m in length.

Natural Habitat

Pteleopsis hylodendron occurs in dense rain forests, in the highlands and in secondary formations.

Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Tyloses thin walled. Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma lozenge-aliform. Prismatic crystals in short chains in chambered axial parenchyma cells. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays non-storied. Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Color

The sapwood is pale grey-brown, it has a thickness of 7.5 to 10 cm. The heartwood is green-grey turning grey-yellow on exposure. dark or black streaks present, it is not clearly demarcated.

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

4

Grain

Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.

Texture

Fine texture is reported in this species.

Luster

Luster is reported to be low.

Natural Durability

Durable to decay; this species can be utilized without preservative treatment for exterior joinery or similar uses. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

1

Internal Growth Stresses

Residual stresses are reported to be absent.

Silica Content

Silica Content: This timber is reported to have a negligible silica content. Silica contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01

Resistance To Impregnation

Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.71

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.80

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: Drying is rather slow and sometimes difficult to perform. Drying Defects: Risks of checks, distortions and collapse. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1117

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

144458

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

710

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

99

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

806

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

881

Workability

Sawing

Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

Not suitable for veneering.

Sliced Veneer

Not suitable for veneering.

Blunting Effect

Moderate blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are advised.

Machining

It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.

Planing

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Moulding

Easy; no particular problems.

Boring

Easy; no particular problems.

Mortising

Easy; no particular problems.

Nailing

Pre-boring is necessary.

Gluing

Glues well if basic gluing technical rules are followed.

Sanding

Easy to perform; it gives good results.

Polishing

Can be polished without surface preparation.

Response To Hand Tools

Working with hand tools is difficult.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

EXTERIOR GENERAL, bridges, rails, crossarms, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, flooring, parquet, steps, PACKING, heavy packing, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, axle

Exterior General
  • 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Bridges
  • 2 - 25 madeiras da amazonia de valor comercial, caracterizacao, macroscopica, usos comuns e indices qualificativos
Rails
  • 6 - Physical and mechanical properties of Eucalyptus deglupta Blume grown in Costa Rica
Crossheads Crossarms
  • 7 - Maderas latinoamericanas. II, Quercus alata Q. costaricensis y Q. eugeniaefolia
Crossties
  • 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
  • 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
  • 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Flooring
  • 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
  • 15 - Empire Timbers
Steps
  • 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Heavy Packing
  • 47 - Arvores Brasileiras
Truck Body
  • 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
  • 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Axles
  • 73 - Handbook of Hardwoods

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