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PAO ROSA, PAU FERRO (Swartzia fistuloides)

Trade Name

Pao rosa, Pau ferro

Scientific Name

Swartzia fistuloides Harms

Family

LEGUMINOSAE

Common Names

Boto (Côte d`Ivoire); N'guessa (Central African Republic); Pau ferro (Mozambique); Pau ferro Pau ferrro (Mozambique); Nsakala (Zaire); Kisasamba (Congo); N`guessa (Central African Republic); Oken (Gabon); Kiela kusu (Zimbabwe); Kiela kusu (Congo); Awong (Gabon); Ndina (Gabon); Pao Rosa

Scientific Name Synonyms

Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J.H. Kirkbr. & Wieresma; Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J.H. Kirkbr. & Wiers

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

The tree reaches a height of 23 to 30 m. The bole is irregular, short, sometimes with a swollen base. The trunk diameter attains 70 to 100 cm.

Natural Habitat

Swartzia fistuloides is found in the dense rain forests, in small groups. It is known or inferred that unless the species is subject to strict regulation, it will meet AT LEAST ONE of the Appendix I criteria in the near future.It is known or inferred that

Natural Distribution

From Cote d`Ivoire to Gabon and to the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pit Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma in discontinuous tangential lines. Axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. Two cells per parenc Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Radial Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Color

The sapwood is yellowish white, it has a thickness of 5 cm. The heartwood is pink brown, striped with red brown bands, it is clearly demarcated.

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

4

Grain

The grain is slightly but systematically interlocked.

Texture

Texture is reported to be fine to medium.

Natural Durability

Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

1

Internal Growth Stresses

No residual growth stresses are found.

Resistance To Impregnation

Difficult to treat with only a low penetration of the preservative products.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.88

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

1.02

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately difficult to difficult; special care is systematically needed. Drying Defects: Risks of distortions. and collapse

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

FR-12

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1517

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

217000

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

912

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

139

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

118

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

1313

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

1299

Workability

Sawing

Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

Suitable for slicing.

Sliced Veneer

Suitable for slicing.

Blunting Effect

Severe blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are recommended.

Machining

It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.

Planing

Rather difficult; special tools are needed.

Moulding

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Turning

30

Boring

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Mortising

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Nailing

Pre-boring is necessary.

Gluing

Difficult to glue because of high density.

Sanding

Easy to perform; it gives good results.

Polishing

Can be polished without surface preparation.

Response To Hand Tools

Working with hand tools is difficult.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

FURNITURE AND CABINETS, luxury furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, Decorative veneer, TURNING, ornaments, turned furniture, cutlery, lasts, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, CONTAINERS, cooperage, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boat fins, boat oars, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts

Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Luxury
  • 22 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section IV-Asian and Oceanian Woods
Cabinet
  • 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Decorative veneer
  • 28 - Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forest of Fiji
Turning
  • 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
  • 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Turned Articles
  • 32 - Embassy of Cote d`Ivoire in Japan
Knife Handles
  • 33 - Embassy of Gabon in Japan
Lasts
  • 34 - Embassy of Indonesia in Japan
Tools
  • 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
  • 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
  • 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Cooperage
  • 51 - Recopilacion de propiedades mecanicas de maderas creciendo en Chile
Shipbuilding
  • 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boat Fins
  • 58 - Guía de Árboles de Bolivia
Boat Oars
  • 60 - Amazonian Timbers, Characteristics and Utilization Volume II; Curuá-Una Experimental Forest Station
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)

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