PEINE MONO (Apeiba membranacea)
Trade Name
Peine Mono
Scientific Name
Apeiba membranacea Spruce ex Benth.
Family
TILIACEAE
Common Names
Peine Mono (Colombia); Peinecillo (Panama); Erizo (Venezuela); Peine De Mono (Ecuador); Maquisapa Ñagcha (Peru); Maquisapa naccha (Peru); Peine De Mico (Brazil); Maquisapa Ñaccha (Peru); Peine De Mono (Bolivia)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Apeiba echinata Gaertn.; Apeiba aspera subsp. aspera; Apeiba aspera Aubl.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a big tree, it attains heights from 30 to 35 m, with a diameter at breast height between 50 to 80 cm. Occasionally the diameter reaches 100 cm.
Natural Habitat
Apeiba membranacea is found in the tropical humid or perhumid rain forests of tropical America. It is mostly reported as an element of secondary, rarely primary, formations.
Natural Distribution
The species is reported to be distributed from Costa Rica and Panama southward to Bolivia.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 150 to 200 micras (medium). Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits si Axial parenchyma apparent with the naked eye. Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Axial parenchyma in thick bands. Axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in non-c Occasionally rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays storied. Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. All ray cells upright and/or square. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
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Wood Macro Photo Radial Plane
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Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
Odor and taste are indistinct.
Color
The sapwood is white, the heartwood gradually changes into pale yellow.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
The grain is frequently straight.
Texture
The wood is mostly coarse in texture.
Luster
It is reported to be high in luster.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.27
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.28
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
6.6
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
2.4
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is reported to be moderate. Drying Defects: Risk of cupping and checking is reported.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
JUNAC-A
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.8
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
418
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
27000
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
214
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
29
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
95
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
146
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species is easy.
Planing
Planing operations are rather easy.
Moulding
Molding operations are rated as fair.
Boring
Boring operations are reported to be fair.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, fittings, PACKING, light packing, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Fittings
- 19 - Silica in Timbers
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Light Packing
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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