PEREPAT DARAT (Combretocarpus rotundatus)
Trade Name
Perepat darat
Scientific Name
Combretocarpus rotundatus (Miq.) Danser
Family
ANISOPHYLLEACEAE
Common Names
Teruntum batu (Indonesia); Perepat (Indonesia); Perapat paya (Malaysia); Keruntum (Malaysia); Perapat hutan (Brunei Darussalam); Keruntum (Brunei Darussalam); Balak bekatan (Brunei Darussalam); Marapat (Indonesia); Perapat-perapat (Sabah); Keruntum (Sarawak)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Combretocarpus motleyi Hook. f.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 40 m tall, 1 m in diameter. The trunk base has sometimes small stilt-roots or ( in swampy or water-logged sites ) with mats of rust-brown " air roots " ( in drier sites ) or with short, slender, upright, roo
Natural Habitat
This monotypic genus is restricted to all types of peat-swamp forest throughout Borneo, Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Larger trees occur in the wetter swamp forests.
Natural Distribution
It is confined to peat swamps and infertile sandy soils of Sarawak, Brunei, Sabah, Kalimantan and the Malay Peninsula.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Intervesse Occasionally apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Occasionally prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Over 9 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma band 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays less than 4 per mm (rare). Rays of two distinct sizes. Ray height more than 1 mm. Occasionally larger rays more than 4 seriate. Occasionally sheath cells. Prismatic crystals in radial alignment in procumbent ray cells (chamber Fibers very thick walled. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
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Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
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Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The sapwood is whitish, merging into reddish-brown heartwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
The grain is straight or interlocked.
Texture
The wood is typically coarse in texture.
Luster
Freshly-cut surfaces are glossy.
Natural Durability
It is only moderately durable in the tropics when exposed to the weather.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
3
Internal Growth Stresses
This species is reported to have growth stresses.
Resistance To Impregnation
The sapwood is permeable, the heartwood is resistant to preservatives.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.69
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.77
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
12.0
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
7.0
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Seasoning is slow but its properties are rated as good. Drying Defects: There is a risk of warping for thin boards.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
UK-G
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.7
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1228
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
159219
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
592
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
112
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
612
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
475
Workability
Sawing
The timber has a tendency to spring during sawing.
Machining
The workability of this species is reported to be easy to fair.
Nailing
This species is reported to have a poor nailing behavior.
Response To Hand Tools
It is reported to have a good to fair response to hand tools.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
EXTERIOR GENERAL, poles, stakes posts, crossties, HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, SPORTS, TOOLS, agricultural tools, PACKING, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats
Exterior General
- 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Poles
- 3 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas do genipapo (Genipa americana)
Stake Posts
- 5 - Propriedades fisicas e mecanicas da madeira e do contraplacado de Pinus elliottii
Crossties
- 8 - Maderas latinoamericas. III, Podocarpus standleyi ,Podocarpus oleifolius, Drims granadensis, Magnolia poasana y Didymopanax pittieri
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
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