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PEREPAT (Sonneratia caseolaris)
Trade Name
Perepat
Scientific Name
Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engl.
Family
SONNERATIACEAE
Common Names
Perepat (Sarawak); Pedada nasi (Brunei Darussalam); Berembang (Indonesia); Ram-pat (Thailand); Lame (Myanmar); Perepat (Malaysia); Posi-posi (Indonesia); Perepat merah (Borneo); Perepat merah (Indonesia); Bogem (Indonesia); Pat (Thailand)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Sonneratia acida L. f.; Rhizophora caseolaris L.; Blatti acida (L. f.) Lam.
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a tree to 20 m tall and 30 cm diameter. The stems are frequently leaning and crooked.
Natural Habitat
Sonneratia occurs in mangrove forests along the seashore and on the banks of tidal rivers.
Non Timber Uses
The high salt contents corrode metal (iron) elements in wood. The bark has a high tannin content.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more. Occasionally tyloses common. Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple per Axial parenchyma absent or extremely rare, non visible with magnifying glass (8x). 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays exclusively uniseriate. Prismatic crystals in the ray cells. Body ray cells procumbent with one row of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-III). Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
The wood has fishy odor especially when fresh and with salty taste.
Color
The heartwood is pale gray-brown to dark brown, clearly demarcated from the paler sapwood.
Grain
The grain is straight or slightly interlocked.
Texture
The wood is typically fine in texture.
Natural Durability
The wood is moderately durable, but should not be used in contact with the ground in the tropics.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
3
Resistance To Impregnation
It is very difficult to treat with preservatives.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.72
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.81
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.7
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
2.7
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: Risks of checks. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.2
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Workability
Sawing
Sawmilling of this species is reportedly fair.
Blunting Effect
It has a moderate dulling effect on the saw-teeth.
Machining
Wood processing is reported to be easy.
Finishing
It takes a high finish.
Polishing
Polishing of this species is reportedly easy.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, SPORTS, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, boats
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Boats
- 56 - Manual de Identificación de Especies Forestales de la Subregión Andina.
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