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SEPETIR (Sindora coriacea)

Trade Name

Sepetir

Scientific Name

Sindora coriacea Maingay ex Prain

Family

LEGUMINOSAE

Common Names

Khaman (Thailand); Kling (Thailand); Seputih minyak (Malaysia); Sepetir minyak (Malaysia); Sepetir lichin (Malaysia); Malamari (Indonesia); Sepeteh (Malaysia); Krathon (Thailand); Sepetir (Malaysia); Petir (Sarawak); Maka-tea (Thailand); Kayu kalu (Philippines); Supa (Philippines); Krakas (Cambodia); Sindur (Indonesia); Sepetir nin-yaki (Sabah); Saputi (Malaysia); Meketil (Malaysia); Petir-sepetir pay (Sabah)

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

It is a medium-sized to large tree up to 45 m tall, with diameters of 140 cm. The bole is cylindrical, branchless for up to 21 m.

Natural Habitat

Sindora coriacea grows scattered and widespread in lowland forests on non-inundable soils.

Natural Distribution

It is distributed in Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo.

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Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Intervessel pits large, 10 micras or more. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. Axial parenchyma bands more than 3 c Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Odor

It has spicy smell.

Color

The sapwood is clearly distinct, whitish gray to light brown or beige-pink. The heartwood is brown with a pink tinge.

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

5

Grain

It is straight, only occasionally wavy.

Texture

It has a fine to medium texture, homogeneous.

Natural Durability

It is moderately durable, but rapid infestation may occur if unprotected.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

3

Resistance To Impregnation

The heartwood is very difficult to treat, but the sapwood is reported to take preservatives readily.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.63

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.70

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

5.8

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

3.0

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately difficult to difficult; special care is systematically needed. Drying Defects: Risks of checks and distortions. Kiln Schedules: Schedule proposed as a reference by comparison with well known species taking into account to the general technological behavior of this species.

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

UK-G; JP-19; US-T8-B3

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

2.0

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

937

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

138584

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

472

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

61

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

138

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

531

Workability

Sawing

Sawmilling of this species is reportedly fair to difficult.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

Valued for decorative veneer produced from the streaked heartwood.

Sliced Veneer

Valued for decorative veneer produced from the streaked heartwood.

Blunting Effect

Wood of this species exerts a moderate blunting effect on the cutting tools.

Machining

It is difficult because of its high resin content.

Planing

It is easy to plane.

Boring

Boring of this species is reported to be easy.

Nailing

It needs pre-bore for nails.

Gluing

It has a good behavior in gluing.

Finishing

Filling is required.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, flooring, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Flooring
  • 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia

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