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TERAP (Artocarpus elasticus)
Trade Name
Terap
Scientific Name
Artocarpus elastica Reinw.
Family
MORACEAE
Common Names
Teureup (Indonesia); Terap; Malagumihan (Philippines); Kumbu (Indonesia); Teo mongkuni (Indonesia); Tipulu (Indonesia); Kumut (Indonesia)
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized evergreen tree rarely reaching 45 m tall. The bole is branchless for up to 30 m and up to 125 cm in diameter. The buttresses are up to 3 m high.
Natural Habitat
Artocarpus elasticus occurs in evergreen and deciduous primary and secondary forests, in a range between 300 to 1,500 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Colored deposits in heartwood vessels. Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Vessel-ray pits reticulate and/or foraminate. Simple perforation plates. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Sheath cells. Oil and/or mucilage cells associated with the axial and/or ray parenchyma (idioblasts). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kri Septate fibers present. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
It has no taste or odor.
Color
The sapwood is well differentiated, almost white. The heartwood varies from yellow to light yellowish brown, partly with orange shimmer.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
3
Grain
It presents interlocked grain.
Texture
Its texture is medium to coarse, its vessels partly are filled with whitish deposits.
Luster
It is moderately lustrous.
Natural Durability
It is non-durable when exposed to the weather or in contact with the ground.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Internal Growth Stresses
Significant growth stresses are reported for this species.
Silica Content
Silica Content: Silica is generally absent. Silica Value: 0
Resistance To Impregnation
The heartwood is very difficult to impregnate, sapwood absorbs preservatives readily.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.45
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.49
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air drying is reported to be good.
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
JP-25
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
510
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
81215
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
278
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
53
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
394
Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)
236
Workability
Sawing
Cutting operations are generally easy unless interlocked grain is found.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This timber is reported to be suitable for lamination.
Machining
Wood processing is reported to be easy.
Planing
The wood can be planed to a smooth surface, but there is some picking up on the radial face.
Turning
30
Boring
Boring operations are rather easy.
Nailing
Nailing properties are good.
Gluing
The timber is reported to glue well.
Finishing
Finishing is easy but the surfaces are rough even if filled.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, cores, TURNING, PACKING, pallets, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Cores
- 27 - Embassy of Brazil in Japan
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Pallets
- 48 - The strength properties of timbers
Other & Musical Instruments
- 63 - Madeiras do Brazil II
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
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