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TERMINALIA (Terminalia calamansanai)

Trade Name

Terminalia

Scientific Name

Terminalia calamansanai (Blanco)

Family

COMBRETACEAE

Common Names

Tinnok (Thailand); Khimot (Thailand); Lein (Myanmar); Kalamansanai (Philippines); Malakalumpit (Philippines); Jelawai mentalun (Malaysia); Leni (Myanmar)

Scientific Name Synonyms

Terminalia latialata C.T. White.; Terminalia pyrifolia (Presl) Kurz; Terminalia blancoi Merr.

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

This species is described as a medium sized to fairly large tree up to 40 meters tall, with diameters which can reach up to 200 cm. It presents tall buttresses which can be up to 10 meters high.

Natural Habitat

Terminalia calamansanai is found in deciduous forests, on roadsides, also near the sea, at low and medium altitudes.

Plantations Available?

Plantations of this species are reported in the Solomon Islands.

Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Occasionally tyloses common. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vestured pits. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Simple perforation plates. Intervessel pits medium, 7 Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma bands more than 3 cells wide. Oil and/or mucilage cells in axial parenchyma (idioblasts). Ray height more than 1 mm. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays 1 to 4 seriate. Septate fibers present. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Radial Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Color

The sapwood and heartwood are not clearly demarcated. The timber is yellowish brown.

COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)

5

Grain

The grain is straight or shallowly interlocked.

Texture

The texture is medium to coarse.

Luster

It is reported to be slightly lustrous.

Natural Durability

The wood is considered as non durable to moderately durable.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

6

Internal Growth Stresses

Tension wood is frequently observed in this species.

Resistance To Impregnation

The heartwood is moderately resistant to preservative treatment, but the sapwood can be readily treated.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.65

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.73

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

8.4

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

5.2

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

JP-12

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

1.6

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

941

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

94000

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

464

Workability

Sawing

It saws fairly well, occasionally woolly surfaces are reported.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination.

Sliced Veneer

This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination.

Machining

Machining of this species is easy to fair.

Nailing

Pre-boring is often necessary.

Gluing

It is reported to be easy to glue.

Finishing

It finishes satisfactorily.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

HOUSING GENERAL, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TOOLS, tool handles

General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
  • 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Tools
  • 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
  • 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)

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