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TERMINALIA (Terminalia kaernbachii)
Trade Name
Terminalia
Scientific Name
Terminalia kaernbacchii Warb
Family
COMBRETACEAE
Common Names
Okari (Papua New Guinea); Galip (Papua New Guinea)
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 35 m tall. The bole usually presents buttresses.
Natural Habitat
Terminalia kaernbachii occurs scattered in lowland rain forests and riverine forests
Natural Distribution
It is endemic to mainland of Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya.
Plantations Available?
This species has been introduced to Queensland, Australia.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Occasionally tyloses common. Vestured pits. Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits in size and shape. Intervessel pits medium, 7 to 10 micras. Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Axial parenchyma bands more than 3 cells wide. 4 to 10 rays per mm (medium). Rays of two distinct sizes. Ray height more than 1 mm. Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
It has no taste or odor.
Color
The sapwood is not clearly defined, paler than the brown or reddish-brown heartwood. Some timbers are rich brown.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
This timber usually has straight or interlocked grain.
Texture
The texture is mostly medium to coarse.
Luster
This wood is frequently lustrous.
Natural Durability
It is prone to termites and marine borers attack.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Silica Content
Silica Content: It is non-siliceous. Silica Value: 0
Resistance To Impregnation
The absorption of preservatives by the heartwood is only fair, the sapwood can be treated well.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.48
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.52
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
4.2
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
1.8
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
JP-12
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
2.3
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
876
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
120955
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
489
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
112
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
374
Workability
Sawing
It saws easily, but interlocked grain stock may give a woolly finish.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This species is reported to have good characteristics for lamination.
Machining
Machining of this species is reported to be easy.
Planing
It planes well but some grain picking up may occur.
Turning
30
Nailing
Pre-boring is often necessary.
Gluing
Gluing of this species is easy.
Sanding
Sanding of this wood is easy.
Finishing
This species is reported to have a good finish, but it requires fillers.
Polishing
It has a good polishing.
Response To Hand Tools
Response to hand tools is reported to be good.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, beams, joists, flooring, frames, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, TURNING, TOOLS, tool handles, agricultural tools, PACKING, CONTAINERS, truck bodies, truck flooring, NAVAL CONSTRUCTION, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, paper
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Beams
- 11 - Prospect: The wood database
Joists
- 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Flooring
- 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Frames
- 16 - Woods of the World
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Turning
- 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Tools
- 42 - Utilización Industrial de Nuevas Especies Forestales en el Perú.
Tool Handles
- 43 - Maderas de Bolivia (Características y Usos de 55 Maderas Tropicales)
Agricultural Tools
- 44 - Atlas of Peruvian Woods
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Truck Body
- 53 - Timbers of the New World
Truck Flooring
- 54 - Bulletin of the Government Forest Experiment Station N.157: Identification of Tropical Woods
Shipbuilding
- 55 - Tropical Timber Atlas of Latin America
Paper
- 82 - Compilation of Data on the Mechanical Properties of Foreign woods (Part 2) Central and South America.
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