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UCUUBA VERMELHA, VIROLA (Iryanthera spp)
Trade Name
Ucuuba vermelha, Virola
Scientific Name
Iryanthera spp.
Family
MYRISTICACEAE
Common Names
Cumala; Virola De Tumaco; Ucuhuba Rana (Brazil); Soewana; Sangrito; Pajoelidan; Mouchigo Rouge; Marakaipo; Karikowa; Kirikawa; Cuangare; Bicui; Bemoonba; Banak; Aceitillo (Colombia)
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
Iryanthera trees are 25 to 30 m tall, with diameters from 40 to 60 cm. The logs are reported to be straight and cylindrical, with commercial lengths from 8 to 19 m.
Natural Habitat
Iryanthera trees are found in the Amazon region, close to streams and water courses. It prefers the drier, better drained areas.
Natural Distribution
Iryanthera is reported to be distributed in the Amazon region.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels solitary and in short radial multiples. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 to 150 micras (small). Vessels per mm2 10 to 20 (abundant). Occasionally multiple perforation plates. Multiple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits coar Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. 5 to 8 cells per parenchyma strand. Axial parenchyma bands more than 3 cells wide. Rays more than 10 per mm (abundant). Rays 1 to 2 seriate. Heterogeneous rays and/or multiseriate heterogeneous rays. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
Heartwood red brown to dark purple, the sapwood is differentiated, light brown to brown in color.
Grain
The grain is mostly straight
Texture
The texture varies from fine to medium.
Luster
The wood is described as moderate in luster.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
6
Resistance To Impregnation
The sapwood of Iryanthera is reported to be moderately difficult to preserve, but the heartwood is impermeable.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.57
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.63
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: This species dries rapidly. Drying Defects: Slight checking, cupping and bowing. Slight to severe casehardening is also reported.
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
1106
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
638
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
85
Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)
347
Workability
Sawing
The response of this wood in sawing is easy to fair.
Planing
Planing is rated as fair, it gives smooth radial and tangential surfaces
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, boards, panelling, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, common furniture, cabinets, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, common veneer, BENDING, tennis rackets, SPORTS, table tennis, PACKING, light packing, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts, door core
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Boards
- 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Paneling
- 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Furniture, Common
- 23 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Cabinet
- 24 - Empire Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Common Veneer
- 29 - Embassy of Ecuador in Japan
Bending
- 35 - Embassy of Myanmar in Japan
Tennis Rackets
- 37 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
Sports
- 38 - Annual Review and Assessment of the World Timber Situation 1998-ITTO
- 41 - Embassy of the Philippines
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
Light Packing
- 46 - ECUADOR, Inventario y Aprovechamiento de los Bosques del Sur Ecuatoriano
Handcraft
- 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)
Door Cores
- 76 - Descripción General y Anatómica de 105 Maderas del Grupo Andino.
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