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VEN (Pterocarpus erinaceus)

Trade Name

Ven

Scientific Name

Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir.

Family

LEGUMINOSAE

Common Names

Vene (Senegal); Ven (Senegal); Vene (Nigeria); Vene (Mali); Ven (Mali); Goni (Mali); Pau sangue (Guinea-Bissau); Vene (Guinea); Ven (Guinea); Guenin (Burkina Faso); Goni (Burkina Faso); Pau sangue (Equatorial Guinea); Ven

Scientific Name Synonyms

Pterocarpus africanus Hook. in W. Gray

Description Of The Tree

Botanical Description

The tree reaches a height of 23 m. Older trees are reported to be buttressed. The trunk diameter attains 100 cm.

Natural Habitat

Pterocarpus erinaceus is common and widely distributed in the savanna forests and open country. Occasionally found on shallow soil.

Wood Identification

Anatomic Description Of Wood

Wood diffuse porous. Occasionally vessels exclusively solitary (over 90%). Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 200 micras or more (large). Vestured pits. Vessels per mm2 6 to 10 (medium). Simple perforation plates. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits i Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Axial parenchyma aliform. Axial parenchyma confluent. Axial parenchyma storied. Prismatic crystals in short chains in chambered axial parenchy Rays storied. Rays exclusively uniseriate. Homogeneous rays and/or sub-homogeneous rays (all ray cells procumbent). Non-septate fibers. Fibers with simple to minutely bordered pits.

  • Wood Macro Photo Tangential Plane
  • Wood Micro Photo Of Transversal Section

Availability

Cites Status

Unrestricted

General Wood Description

Color

The sapwood is yellow or pale cream, it has a thickness of 5 cm. The heartwood is red-brown or rose-red, it is clearly demarcated.

Grain

Straight or slightly interlocked, sometimes with an influence on further processing operations.

Texture

The wood is mostly coarse in texture.

Luster

The surface of the wood is naturally low in luster.

Natural Durability

Very durable to decay; without preservative treatment. This species is especially suited for all the uses with risks of permanent or long-lasting humidification. Resistant to termites attack. Heartwood is resistant to Lyctus attacks.

Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)

1

Internal Growth Stresses

No residual growth stresses are found.

Silica Content

Silica Content: This timber is reported to have a negligible silica content. Silica contents over 0.05% may affect wood processing. Silica Value: 0.01

Resistance To Impregnation

Moderately easy to treat with a partial penetration of the preservative products.

Wood Physical Properties

Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)

0.78

Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)

0.89

Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

5.9

Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)

3.2

Drying Defects

Ease of Drying: Drying is moderately easy; some particular care is needed. Drying Defects: Risks of checks. Kiln Schedules: The kiln schedule has been tested.

Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule

FR-7

Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)

1.9

Wood Chemical Properties

Wood Mechanical Properties

Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)

1329

Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

158723

Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

774

Compression perpendicular to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

111

Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)

89

Janka hardness (side) 12%MC (kgf)

989

Janka hardness (end grain) 12%MC (kgf)

1037

Workability

Sawing

Sawing of this species requires powerful equipment.

Rotary Veneer Cutting

Suitable for slicing.

Sliced Veneer

Suitable for slicing.

Blunting Effect

Moderate blunting effect; stellited blades for sawing and carbide tools for machining are advised.

Machining

It needs powerful tools for processing. Possible difficulties caused by interlocked grain are reported.

Planing

Moderately easy; tools must be cautiously sharpened.

Moulding

Easy; no particular problems.

Turning

30

Boring

Easy; no particular problems.

Mortising

Easy; no particular problems.

Nailing

Pre-boring is necessary.

Gluing

Difficult to glue because of the extracts content.

Sanding

Easy to perform; it gives good results.

Polishing

Needs pre-coating.

Response To Hand Tools

Working with hand tools is difficult.

REFERENCED USES

End Uses Summary

EXTERIOR GENERAL, paling, HOUSING GENERAL, joists, boards, flooring, parquet, frames, steps, panelling, fittings, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, cabinets, TURNING, ornaments, OTHER AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, handicrafts

Exterior General
  • 1 - Tabela de resultados de ensaios fisicos e mecanicos
Paling Fence Pickets
  • 4 - Estudo dendrologico e determinacao das caracteristicas fisicas e mecanicas da bicuiba
General Housing
  • 10 - Silica in Timbers
Joists
  • 12 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part I-Tropical American Species
Boards
  • 13 - Dry kiln schedules for commercial woods. Temperate and tropical. Section III. Latin American (Mexico, Central, and South America) Woods–Conventional Temperatures
Flooring
  • 14 - Handbook of Hardwoods
Parquet
  • 15 - Empire Timbers
Frames
  • 16 - Woods of the World
Steps
  • 17 - Tree Conservation Database
Paneling
  • 18 - W3TROPICOS Missouri Botanical Garden
Fittings
  • 19 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
  • 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Cabinet
  • 24 - Empire Timbers
Turning
  • 30 - Embassy of Honduras in Japan
Ornaments
  • 31 - Embassy of Colombia in Japan
Handcraft
  • 66 - Maderas latinoamericanas. VII. Caracteristicas anatomicas. propiedades fisicomecanicas, de secado, y tratabilidad de la madera juvenil de Cordia alliodora (Ruiz & Pav. Oken.)

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