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VIROLA (Virola duckei)
Trade Name
Virola
Scientific Name
Virola duckei A.C. Sm
Family
MYRISTICACEAE
Common Names
Chaliviande (Ecuador); Shempo (Ecuador); Moulomba (Guyana); Cumala (Peru); Nuanamo (Colombia); Cajuea (Trinidad & Tobago); Palo De Sangre; Otivo (Venezuela); Virola (Venezuela); Cuajo (Venezuela); Sangrino (Venezuela); Camaticaro (Venezuela); Pintri (Surinam); Sebo (Colombia); Colorado; Baboen (Surinam); Cumala Blanca (Peru); Cumala Colorada (Peru); Sangre; Birma; Bicuiba Branca (Brazil); Yayamadou (Guyana); Ucuhuba (Brazil); Virola (Brazil); Tapsava; Dalli (Guyana); Banak; Ucuuba (Brazil); Virola (Peru); Guapa (Ecuador); Carachacoco (Ecuador); Coco (Ecuador); Virola (Brazil); Ucuuba-Vermelha (Brazil); Ucuuba-Da-Terra-Firme (Brazil); Ucuuba (Brazil)
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
The trees are reported to reach heights of 30 m, with trunk diameters of 70 cm. They develop well-formed and cylindrical boles, with 3 to 4 buttresses of up to 2 m tall.
Natural Habitat
Virola duckei is found in terra firme, along river banks and also in swampy areas of primary tropical rain forests. It is reported at low altitudes.
Natural Distribution
It grows in Ecuador and Peru.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Vessels per mm2 less than 6 (rare). Axial parenchyma in marginal or in seemingly marginal bands. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Occasionally larger rays width 0. 1 mm or more and 2 mm or more in height.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Odor
V. duckei wood presents a pleasant smell.
Color
The sapwood is not clearly differentiated, the heartwood is reddish yellow.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
4
Grain
It has straight grain.
Texture
This species is usually reported to have a medium texture.
Luster
This species is reported to have a moderate to high luster.
Natural Durability
It is easily attacked by fungi or termites. It is reported to be also attacked by Lyctus.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Resistance To Impregnation
This species is reported to be easy to preserve.
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.51
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.56
Total shrinkage Tangential (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
10.3
Total shrinkage Radial (Saturated to 0%MC) (%)
5.7
Recommended Dry Kiln Schedule
US-T3-C2
Dimensional stability ratio (Total Tangential Shrinkage %/Total Radial Shrinkage %)
1.8
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
720
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
409
Workability
Sawing
Cutting resistance is generally low.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This species is reported to be interesting for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This species is reported to be interesting for lamination.
Machining
Machining operations are rather easy.
Planing
Planing is reported to be easy.
Moulding
It is easy to mold.
Boring
It is easy to bore.
Sanding
It is easy to sand.
Finishing
Finishing of this species is reportedly easy.
Response To Hand Tools
This species is reported to be easy to work with hand tools.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, PLYWOOD AND VENEER
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
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