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KIRUNG (Nyssa javanica)
Trade Name
Kirung
Scientific Name
Nyssa javanica (Blume) Wangerin
Family
NYSSACEAE
Common Names
Chilauni (India); Thang khok (Thailand); Khueng khak (Thailand); Kalay (India); Kirung; Hirung (Indonesia); Wuru gading (Indonesia); Terang bulu (Malaysia); Theun (Laos); Khai pla (Thailand); Mueat khon khao (Thailand); Khang khok (Thailand); Kapi dengkung (Indonesia); Terang bulu (Sarawak)
Scientific Name Synonyms
Nyssa sessiliflora Hook. f. & Thomson; Nyssa bifida Craib; Nyssa arborea Koord.; Ilex daphniphylloides Kurz; Daphniphyllopsis capitata Kurz; Ceratostachys arborea Blume; Agathisanthes javanica Blume
Description Of The Tree
Botanical Description
It is a tree to 50 m tall, 90 cm in diameter, sometimes with very low buttresses.
Natural Habitat
It is reported on slopes and ridge tops in primary submontane forests, at 600 to 1,500 m of altitude.
Wood Identification
Anatomic Description Of Wood
Wood diffuse porous. Tangential diameter of vessel lumina 100 micras or less (very small). Vessels per mm2 5 to 20. Vessels per mm2 more than 20 (very abundant). Intervessel pits scalariform. Helical thickenings in vessel elements present. Multiple perforation Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse and/or diffuse in aggregates. Paratracheal axial parenchyma scanty and/or vasicentric. Prismatic crystals in chambered axial parenchyma cells and/or in fibers. 3 to 4 cells per parenchyma strand. 5 to 8 cells per parenchym Larger rays more than 4 seriate. Body ray cells procumbent with over 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-I). Body ray cells procumbent with mostly 2 to 4 rows of upright and/or square marginal cells (Kribs-II). Body ray cells procumbent wit Septate fibers present. Fibers with distinctly bordered pits.
Availability
Cites Status
Unrestricted
General Wood Description
Color
The heartwood d is pale yellow-brown to pale gray-brown, not clearly differentiated from the sapwood.
COLOR INDEX (1=Black, 7=Light yellow,white)
5
Grain
The grain is straight to slightly interlocked.
Texture
The texture is moderately fine and even.
Luster
The wood is sometimes lustrous.
Natural Durability
It is non-durable to slightly durable under exposed conditions, it is somewhat liable to stain.
Natural durability index (1= Very high durability, 7=Vey low durability)
5
Wood Physical Properties
Basic Density or Specific Gravity (O.D. weight/vol. green) (g/cm³)
0.65
Air-dry Density (Weight and volume at 12%MC) (g/cm³)
0.72
Drying Defects
Ease of Drying: Air seasoning is reported to be satisfactory.
Wood Chemical Properties
Wood Mechanical Properties
Bending Strength (MOR),12%MC (kgf/cm²)
723
Stiffness (MOE) 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
115249
Compression parallel to fiber 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
511
Shear strength radial 12%MC (kgf/cm²)
76
Workability
Sawing
Sawing of this species is reported to be rather easy.
Rotary Veneer Cutting
This species can be used for lamination.
Sliced Veneer
This species can be used for lamination.
Machining
This species is easy to machine.
Finishing
It can be finished to a smooth surface.
REFERENCED USES
End Uses Summary
HOUSING GENERAL, FURNITURE AND CABINETS, PLYWOOD AND VENEER, PACKING
General Housing
- 10 - Silica in Timbers
Furniture Cabinets
- 21 - Tropical timbers of the world. Part III-Southeast Asian and Oceanian Species.
Panels, Veneers
- 25 - Directory of Timber Trade Malaysia
Packing
- 45 - Recopilación y Análisis de Estudios Tecnológicos de Maderas Peruanas
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